These basic Shotokan katas were recorded in 1990.  Although the techniques, in general, are the same as present, there ARE some basic differences.  A major difference occurs in both Heian Nidan and Heian Yondan.  Both katas use the side-snap kick instead of the now taught side-thrust kick. Sensei concluded  that the side-snap kick was an extremelly difficult kick to master because of its unnatural knee and hip movements, and therefore decided to eliminate it from HSK's training.  Minor differences include our current emphasis on head snap and timing.  Please enjoy these katas from the past!

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